Effectiveness of Cognitive Conflict-Based Teaching Material Integrated with Augmented Reality in Improving Students’ Conceptual Understanding and Self-Efficacy on Light Waves

Authors

  • Intan Tresna Ayu Department of Physics Universitas Negeri Padang,Padang,Indonesia. Author
  • Fatni Mufit Department of Physics Universitas Negeri Padang,Padang,Indonesia. Author
  • Ratnawulan Department of Physics Universitas Negeri Padang,Padang,Indonesia. Author
  • Selma Riyasni Department of Physics Universitas Negeri Padang,Padang,Indonesia. Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24036/jppf.v13i2.56

Keywords:

Augmented Reality, Cognitive Conflict, Conceptual Understanding, Self-Efficacy

Abstract

Effective physics learning should enable students to develop sound conceptual understanding and strong self-efficacy to solve scientific problems. Physics learning on light waves remains challenging due to students’ low conceptual understanding, misconceptions, and low self-efficacy caused by abstract concepts and teacher-centered instruction. These challenges highlight the need for innovative teaching materials. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Augmented Reality (AR)-integrated cognitive conflict-based teaching materials in improving students’ conceptual understanding and self-efficacy. A quasi-experimental study employing a nonequivalent pretest–posttest control group design was conducted with 36 experimental and 33 control class students at SMA Negeri 1 Batusangkar. Data from a validated four-tier diagnostic test and self-efficacy questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U, and Independent Sample t-tests. Results showed the experimental class's correct understanding increased from 26% to 80%, while misconceptions decreased from 40% to 8%. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in conceptual understanding (p < .001) and self-efficacy (p < .001) between classes. These findings demonstrate that AR-integrated cognitive conflict-based materials effectively enhance both cognitive and affective outcomes, serving as an impactful instructional alternative to overcome learning difficulties in abstract physics topics.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abadiyah, M. (2025). Review Konseptual Tentang Pemahaman Konsep Gaya, Usaha, dan Energi Dalam Pembelajaran Fisika Sekolah Menengah. Pensa E-Jurnal: Pendidikan Sains, 13(3), 98–104. https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/pensa/article/view/73243/53235

Akmam, Rio, A., Amir, H., Jalinus, N., & Ali, A. (2018). Influence Of Learning Strategy Of Cognitive Conflict On Student Misconception In Computational Physics Course Influence Of Learning Strategy Of Cognitive Conflict On Student Misconception In Computational Physics Course. Iop Conf. Series: Materials Science And Engineering, 335(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/335/1/012074

Atiqah, L. F., & Mufit, F. (2024). Analysis Of The Needs Of Cognitive Conflict-Based Teaching Materials Integrated With Augmented. Physics Learning And Education, 2(1), 1–7. https://doi.Org/https://doi.org/10.24036/Ple.V2i1.101

Bandura, A. (1997). Self Efficacy : The Exercise Of Control. W.H Feeman And Company Creswell.

Cai, S., Liu, C., Wang, T., Liu, E., & Liang, J. (2021). Effects Of Learning Physics Using Augmented Reality On Students’ Self-Efficacy And Conceptions Of Learning. British Journal Of Educational Technology, 52(1), 235–251. https://doi.org/10.1111/Bjet.13020

Cwik, S., & Singh, C. (2023). Women Have Lower Physics Self-Efficacy And Identity Even In Courses In Which They Outnumber Men : A Sign Of Systemic Inequity ? Electronic Journal For Research In Science & Mathematics Education, 27(2), 99–119.

Halimatuzzahra, Louise, I. S. Y., & Kamari, A. Bin. (2025). The Effect Of Pjbl-Based Electronic Lkpd Integrated With Stem On Reaction Rate Material On Problem-Solving Ability And Self-Efficacy Of Students. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 13(2), 563–579. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v13i2.44858

Hanafi, J. A., & Supardi, Z. A. I. (2019). Application Of Cognitive Conflict Learning Strategies To Reduce Misconception On High School Students. Ipf: Inovasi Pendidikan Fisika, 08(03), 835–837.

Hasanah, N., Hidayat, A., & Koeshandayanto, S. (2020). Pengaruh Strategi Konflik Kognitif Ditinjau Dari Kemampuan Awal Siswa Untuk Mengurangi Miskonsepsi Pada Materi Gelombang Mekanik. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 5(5), 624–629.

Hidayah, N., Idrus, A. Al, & ... (2025). Validity Of Ethnoscience-Integrated Problem Based Learning Student Worksheet To Train Science Literacy And Creative Thinking. … Penelitian Pendidikan IPA. https://jppipa.unram.ac.id/index.php/jppipa/article/view/9904

Jannah, S. N., Doyan, A., Harjono, A., Pascasarjana, P., Mataram, U., & Words, K. (2016). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Dengan Pendekatan Problem Posing Ditinjau Dari Pengetahuan Awal Terhadap Penguasaan Konsep Fisika Siswa Smk. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 2(1).

Khoiriyah, S., Latifah, S., & Wiliyanti, V. (2025). Development Of Augmented Reality ( Ar ) Physics Learning Media Based On Stem- R For Students’ Concept Understanding. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Fisika, 16(4), 362–373. https://doi.org/10.26877/jp2f.v16i4.2803

Lutfia, W., & Putra, N. M. D. (2020). Analisis Profil Pemahaman Konsep Dan Model Mental Siswa Di Sma Kesatrian 2. Unnes Physics Education Journal, 9(1).

M, J., & Nissen. (2016). Are Inequities In Self-Efficacy A Systemic Feature Of Physics Education? Arxiv Preprint: Arxiv:1612.09188, 1–5.

Maharani, L., Hartono, Y., & Hiltrimartin, C. (2013). Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Menggunakan Model Generative Learning Di Kelas VIII Smp Negeri 6 Palembang. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 7(2), 1–17. https://jpm.ejournal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/jpm/article/view/402/230

Miao, H., Guo, R., & Ming, L. (2025). The Influence Of Research Self-Efficacy And Learning Engagement On Ed . D Students ’ Academic Achievement. Frontiers In Psychology, 16(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1562354

Mufit, F. (2018). Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Konflik Kognitif (Pbkk) Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Dan Meremediasi Miskonsepsi. Https://Osf.Io/Preprints/Inarxiv/Zqvrd/

Mufit, F., Abdilah, Z., Riyasni, S., & Fathanah, Z. (2025). The Impact Of Augmented Reality Based On Stem-Integrated Cognitive Conflict-Based Learning On Student Scientific Literacy , Self-Efficacy , And Retention. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 13(4), 1241–1255. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v13i4.49121

Mufit, F., Dewi, W. S., Riyasni, S., & Dhanil, M. (2025). Augmented Reality With A Cognitive Conflict Model And Stem Integration On Newton ’ S Universal Law Of Gravitation : Does Practicing Practical Learning Support Scientific Literacy ? International Journal Of Information And Education Technology, 15(2), 255–271. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2025.15.2.2239

Mufit, F., & Fauzan, A. (2019). Model Pembelajaran Konflik Kognitif (Pbkk) (Disertai Penerapan Untuk Remediasi Miskonsepsi Pada Sains Dan Matematika) (C. I. Gunawan (Ed.)). CV Irdh.

Mufit, F., Festiyed, Fauzan, A., & Lufri. (2019). The Application Of Real Experiments Video Analysis In The Ccbl Model To Remediate The Misconceptions About Motion ’ S Concept. Journal Of Physics: Conference Series, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1317/1/012156

Mufit, F., Festiyed, Fauzan, A., & Lufri. (2023). The Effect Of Cognitive Conflict-Based Learning ( Ccbl ) Model On Remediation Of Misconceptions. Journal Of Turkish Science Education, 20(1), 26–49. https://doi.org/10.36681/tused.2023.003

Mufit, F., Hendriyani, Y., & Dhanil, M. (2023). Augmented Reality Dan Virtual Reality Berbasis Konflik Kognitif Sebagai Media Pmbelajaran Abad Ke-21 (R. Persada (Ed.)).

Nahdhah, M., & Mufit, F. (2025). The Effect Of Using Interactive Multimedia Based On Cognitive Conflict-Based Learning On Global Warming Material On Student Retention. 11(1), 1–12.

Nurulwati, N., Khairina, L., & Huda, I. (2020). The Effect Of Students Self-Efficacy On The Learning Outcomes In Learning Physics. Iop Conf. Series: Journal Of Physics: Conf. Series, 1460, 6–10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1460/1/012113

Pakpahan, F. H., & Saragih, M. (2022). Theory Of Cognitive Development By Jean Piaget. (Joal) Journal Of Applied Linguistics, 2(1), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.52622/joal.v2i2.79

Pradana, R. W. (2020). Penggunaan Augmented Reality Pada Sekolah Menengah Atas Di Indonesia. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 5(1), 97–115. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v5i1.2857

Prayogi, S., & Verawati, N. N. S. P. (2020). The Effect Of Conflict Cognitive Strategy In Inquiry-Based Learning On Preservice Teachers’ Critical Thinking Ability. Ecps Journal, 21, 27–41. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.7358/ecps-2020-021-pray

Rochim, F. N., Munawaroh, F., Wulandari, A. Y. R., & Ahied, M. (2019). Identifikasi Profil Miskonsepsi Siswa Pada Materi Cahaya Menggunakan Metode Four Tier Test Dengan Certainty Of Response Index ( Cri ). Natural Science Education Reseach, 2(2), 140–149.

Saca, A. (2021). Penerapan Marker-Based Augmented Reality Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Tata Surya. Jika (Jurnal Informatika) Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang, 5(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31000/jika.v5i1.3560

Suniati, N. M. S., Sadia, W., & Suhandana, A. (2013). Pengaruh Implementasi Pembelajaran Kontekstual Berbantuan Multimedia Interaktif Tehadap Penurunan Miskonsepsi (Studi Kuasi Eksperimen Dalam Pembelajaran Cahaya Dan Alat Optik Di Smp Negeri 2 Amlapura). E-Journal Program Pascasarjana Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, 4(1).

Downloads

Published

2026-07-28

How to Cite

Effectiveness of Cognitive Conflict-Based Teaching Material Integrated with Augmented Reality in Improving Students’ Conceptual Understanding and Self-Efficacy on Light Waves (I. A. Tresna, F. Mufit, R. Ratnawulan, & S. Riyasni , Trans.). (2026). Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Fisika, 13(2), 168-180. https://doi.org/10.24036/jppf.v13i2.56

Similar Articles

1-10 of 24

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>